Music 108 Unit 2 Essays

Music 108 Unit 2 Essays Music 108 Unit 2 Paper Music 108 Unit 2 Paper Essay Topic: Poetry The beginning of the Middle Ages is marked by what event? The fall of the Roman Empire The early Christian church had very little power in Europe during the Middle Ages and the Renaissance. False. The Church had a lot of power Which of the following goals are attributed to Charlemagne? Encouragement of education Centralized government Government control of law and order Polyphonic Two or more melodic lines combined into a multi-voiced texture Organum Earliest kind of polyphonic music, which developed from the custom of adding voices above a plainchant Which of the following was the main European port for cultural exchange of Eastern luxuries? Venice Who of the following was the most universally idealized woman in Western culture during the Middle Ages? Virgin Mary Which of the following was a potential job for a musician in the Middle Ages and Renaissance? music printer choirmaster composer organist Which of the following was a result of the printing press? Music books became affordable. Music books became available. Music literacy spread. Sacred music Religious or spiritual music, for church or devotional use. Secular music Nonreligious music; when there is text, it is usually in the vernacular. Our understanding of the musical culture of ancient civilizations is limited by the few fragments of music that have survived. True Plainchant consists of a single-line melody liturgy The set order of religious services and the structure of each service, within a particular denomination (e.g., Roman Catholic). Gregorian chant Monophonic melody with a freely flowing, unmeasured vocal line; liturgical chant of the Roman Catholic Church. Also plainchant or plainsong. syllabic Melodic style of one note set to each text syllable. neumatic Melodic style with two to four notes set to each syllable. melismatic Melodic style characterized by many notes sung to a single text syllable. Chant melodies fall into three main classes syllabic, neumatic, and melismatic Modal or Modes Characterizes music based on modes other than major and minor, especially the early church modes. Tonal Based on principles of major-minor tonality, as distinct from modal. The pre-tonal scale patterns utilized in Gregorian chant are referred to as: Modes What traits does early Christian chant hold in common with the Islamic Adhan? monophonic parts can be melismatic Which of the following describes plainchant of the Middle Ages? monophonic Latin text organized according to liturgy Modal melodies of the early Christian church are similar to melodies and scales from: the Eastern Mediterranean the Middle East Hildegard of Bingen was of German descent. Which of the following describes life in a medieval monastery? Religious life was quite disciplined. Members withdrew from secular society. Members were devoted to prayer. The text setting in Alleluia, O virga mediatrix is mostly syllabic False Hildegard was known for which of the following? her poetry and music her visions her historical writings about the saints In chant from the Middle Ages, the style that features many notes per syllable is called: melismatic Culture in the middle ages was largely defined by the rise of religious communities housed in: monasteries The liturgy refers to the set order of services and structure of each service. True Monophonic sacred music of the early Christian church is called: Plainchant Gregorian chant features regularly phrased melodic lines supported by instrumental accompaniment. False Music performed with exchanges between a soloist and chorus is called: responsorial singing Polyphony was utilized to enhance worship on the most significant feast days in the church year. True The lower voice in organum carries the melody in sustained notes. True The first type of polyphony was Gregorian chant. False The earliest polyphonic music is called: Organum The rhythmic pattern of long-short repeated throughout the piece defines the: rhythmic mode Polyphony was universally accepted in medieval religious communities. False Which composers are associated with polyphonic composition at Notre Dame in the Middle Ages? PÃ ©rotin LÃ ©onin Which of the following describes musical aspects of Machauts Ma fin est mon commencement? duple meter complex musical form polyphonic Religious wars and medieval explorations enhanced cultural exchange. True During the Middle Ages, which Arabic import allowed for pattern-related disciplines to flourish in the West? Numerals Composers in the Ars nova wrote both sacred and secular songs. True A popular secular song genre in the Ars Nova was the French chanson The first composer to collect his works in order to preserve his legacy was Machaut The musical style known as Ars nova appeared first in which country? France Machauts chanson Ma fin est mon commencement contains which of the following: enigmatic text religious references palindrome modal: Characterizes music based on modes other than major and minor, especially the early church modes. In the Western tradition, music has historically not been linked to mathematics and geometry. False Which of the following French Ars nova poetic forms are considered fixed? ballade rondeau virelai Which Arabic instrument is the forerunner of the modern violin? rabab The last part of the Middle Ages is referred to as the Ars nova. True Arcadelt emphasizes the last line of the poem in the madrigal by not repeating it. False The madrigal is known for the expressive device of word-Painting Claudio Monteverdi famously stated that his music was designed to serve the expressive power of his texts. Farmer paints the first line of the text, Fair Phyllis I saw sitting all alone, through the musical use of: Monophony The performance forces for Farmers madrigal requires a four-voice SATB ensemble. True Which of the following statements about Fair Phyllis are true? The music closely mirrors the action and sentiments of the text. The texture alternates often between homorhythm and polyphony. The English madrigal preceded the development of the Italian madrigal by some twenty years. False Which of the following characterize the Renaissance chanson and the madrigal? They were set to poetry based on courtly or rustic love. They were written in the vernacular (language of the people). They often featured expressive devices, such as word-painting, to bring the words and the music more closely together. In the Renaissance two important secular genres grew out of the union of poetry and music: the French chanson and the Italian madrigal. Match the style characteristic with the correct phase in madrigal development. Late Madrigal Correct label: Written to harmonic and virtuosic extremes Early Madrigal Correct label: Chiefly composed for amateurs Middle Stages Madrigal Correct label: Texture expanded to 5 or 6 voices Arcadelt uses word-painting to portray the images in the poetry of this madrigal. True At which point in the text of Fair Phyllis does the work change to an imitative texture? Up and down he wandered Arcadelt lived and worked in which of the following places? France Italy Belgium The mood of Farmers madrigal Fair Phyllis can best be described as: light and pastoral Farmers Fair Phyllis is written for four voices. four Farmer paints the first line of the text, Fair Phyllis I saw sitting all alone, through the musical use of: Monophony Religious belief remained at the core of Renaissance identity. True There was a shift towards a more secular society during the European Renaissance. True How does Josquin provide a contrast in the final two lines of the text, O Mater Dei, memento mei? in long note values in a homorhythmic texture The preeminent composers of motets from the early Renaissance were from northern Europe, in particular present-day Belgium and northern France. Renaissance painters continued medieval norms in their preference for symbolism in painting. False The Renaissance marks the passing of European society from a predominantly religious orientation to a more secular one. This awakening was called humanism. Renaissance sacred music was generally performed with instruments. T/F False Which meter was especially attractive in medieval music because it symbolized the perfection of the Trinity? triple Which of the following statements are true of Josquins motet Ave Maria . . . virgo serena? The meter changes within the piece, moving from duple to triple and back to duple. The text is rhymed. In the Renaissance, one of the most popular sacred works with a Latin text was the: motet Which of the following terms describes Josquins Ave Mariavirgo serena? imitative polyphony consonant harmony a cappella ensemble The predominant texture in Josquins motet Ave Maria . . . virgo serena is: imitative polyphony The sixteenth century has come to be regarded as the golden age of music for voices alone, without instrumental accompaniment, a style called: a cappella Renaissance painters continued medieval norms in their preference for symbolism in painting. False Which of the following belong to the Mass Ordinary? Agnus Dei Gloria Sanctus The Protestant Reformation was started by: Martin Luther The Pope Marcellus Mass was written for six voice parts. True Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrinas Pope Marcellus Mass met the requirements set for by the: Council of Trent Put the parts of the Ordinary into the correct order. Kyrie Gloria Credo Sanctus Agnus Dei The Catholic Churchs effort in the early sixteenth century to recapture the loyalty of its followers through a return to true Christian piety is known as the: Counter Reformation Which part of the Mass Ordinary is not in Latin? Keyrie Palestrinas Gloria from the Pope Marcellus Mass belongs to the Proper, the variable part of the Mass celebration. False The Mass is a daily service with two categories of prayers: the Ordinary, which are the same for each service, and the Proper that varies according to the day. he text of the Gloria in Palestrinas Pope Marcellus Mass is easily understood, due largely to its syllabic nature and Palestrinas frequent use of homorhythm. true The Pope Marcellus Mass was written for six voice parts. True Which of the following describes Palestrinas Gloria from the Pope Marcellus Mass? Correct Answer(s) a cappella ensemble consonant harmony duple meter Which was a recommendation of the Council of Trent regarding music for the church? Make the words more understandable. Listen to the three excerpts, from the medieval, Renaissance, and Baroque eras, and then match the characteristic to the excerpt (each excerpt will receive three characteristics). Hildegard: Kyrie Correct label: womens voices Correct label: monophonic texture Correct label: sacred music Handel: Hallelujah Chorus Correct label: homorhythmic texture Correct label: mixed mens and womens voices with orchestra Correct label: sacred music Lassus: Bon jour mon coeurCorrect label: secular music Correct label: mixed mens and womens voices a cappella Correct label: polyphonic texture Musical instruments in medieval and Renaissance Europe were categorized as soft (bas) or loud (haut) according to their purpose. Musical scores often specified instruments to be used for Renaissance dance music. False Tielman Susato was well known for his work as which of the following? a composer an instrumentalist a music publisher What meter is heard in Susatos Three Dances? Duple Which of the following instruments were categorized as soft (bas, indoor) in the Renaissance? recorder lute rebec Musical instruments in the Renaissance were categorized by the amount of sound they produced. True Instrumental music in the Renaissance was performed strictly with no embellishment of the notated music. False Until the late medieval era instrumental music was largely an oral tradition. The Susato dances are examples of which kind of instrumental dance? ronde Instrumental music in the Renaissance was performed strictly with no embellishment of the notated music. False Ave Maria . . . virgo serena is a four-voice motet that is sung a cappella.The text praises the Virgin Mary and includes a personal petition at the end set in long notes and homorhythmic texture.